FAQ
Wie muss ich mein Balkonkraftwerk richtig anschließen?
It is important that you connect your plug-and-play balcony power station to a fused socket that is connected to the circuit best suited to your needs.
Please always be aware of the dual current flow to the cable, as you are supplying power from two feed points.
In Germany, installation cables are usually designed for 1.5 mm² (10 A). In the past, they were rated for 16 A. This provides a small reserve for exceptional circumstances.
The circuit breaker would normally trip at a current of just over 10 A. However, since some of the current is fed into the circuit via the microinverter at a wall socket, the maximum 3.5 A does NOT flow through the circuit breaker. This should be taken into account and can be discussed with your electrician if you have any doubts.
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Partial power supply during power outages
More and more manufacturers are supplying hybrid inverters with integrated transfer switches. Here, too, the switchover in the event of a power outage must be automatic. Unlike backup power, in the event of a power outage, not all rooms are supplied with electricity, but only selected circuits. This allows, for example, the study, the pantry with freezer, and the television in the living room to continue operating.
You save on an additional switching device here. The devices on the emergency power circuits are permanently „passed through“ the inverter . This means that the power for these devices always flows through the inverter, regardless of whether there is a power outage or not. More work could be required in the wiring of the house distribution panel.
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Some battery systems can provide energy during a power outage, via emergency and/or backup power. If a storage system is backup power capable, it can independently provide energy within a few seconds .
The system switches to emergency power operation via a transfer switch . After the switchover, it takes approximately 5-20 seconds until all loads are powered again. An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is not used in this mode. Depending on the system design, the emergency power network is either single-phase or three-phase.
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Some battery systems can provide energy during a power outage, via emergency and/or backup power . If a storage system is capable of emergency power, it can supply an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) via a separate connection .
In the event of a power outage, the emergency power system kicks in within milliseconds. There is actually no automatic switching of all consumer circuits. Furthermore, the available power is usually limited and restricted to single-phase loads.
There are single-phase and three-phase emergency power supplies.
Warum zahle ich als Endkunde (privat) keine MwSt auf meine PV-Module und Zubehör?
Umsatzsteuerliche Maßnahmen zur Förderung des Ausbaus von Photovoltaikanlagen
Das © Bundesministerium der Finanzen schreibt dazu in ihren FAQs:
„Durch das Jahressteuergesetz 2022 (BStBl. I 2023 S. 7) hat der Gesetzgeber einen neuen Absatz 3 in § 12 Umsatzsteuergesetz (UStG) angefügt. Nach § 12 Absatz 3 Nummer 1 Satz 1 UStG ermäßigt sich die Steuer auf 0 Prozent für die Lieferungen von Solarmodulen an den Betreiber einer Photovoltaikanlage. Eingeschlossen sind dabei die für den Betrieb einer Photovoltaikanlage wesentlichen Komponenten und die Speicher, die dazu dienen, den mit Solarmodulen erzeugten Strom zu speichern. Dies gilt, sofern die Photovoltaikanlage auf oder in der Nähe von Privatwohnungen, Wohnungen sowie öffentlichen und anderen Gebäuden, die für dem Gemeinwohl dienende Tätigkeiten genutzt werden, installiert wird.
Mit dem beschlossenen Maßnahmenbündel werden steuerliche bürokratische Hürden bei der Installation und dem Betrieb von Photovoltaikanlagen auf Gebäuden abgebaut. § 12 Absatz 3 UStG ist am 1. Januar 2023 in Kraft getreten.
Detaillierte Auskünfte können dem Abschnitt 12.18 des Umsatzsteuer-Anwendungserlasses entnommen werden.“
Link zu den FAQs des © Bundesministerium der Finanzen
Warum zahle ich als Endkunde (privat) keine MwSt auf meine PV-Module und Zubehör?
The expansion of your PV system is also exempt from VAT.
The © Federal Ministry of Finance states the following in its FAQs:
„If the expansion ( e.g., delivery/installation of a battery storage system or other essential components as an addition to an existing system) takes place after January 1, 2023, no VAT will be charged on the purchase of the components including installation.“
Link to the FAQs of the © Federal Ministry of Finance
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